Skip to main content
Material Selection · Stiffness

Modulus matters.
Beam theory.
Stiff designs.

Material selection for stiff structures. Modulus × moment of inertia = stiffness. High-modulus materials enable thinner stiff structures.

01 · Key principles

Key principles.

Steel (E=200 GPa)

Reference modulus

Carbon steel highest common modulus.

Cast iron (E=110 GPa)

Vibration damping

Cast iron good damping plus reasonable stiffness.

Titanium (E=110 GPa)

Stiffness + light

Titanium 55% steel modulus, 56% steel density.

Aluminum (E=69 GPa)

Light, less stiff

Aluminum 35% steel modulus.

Magnesium (E=45 GPa)

Lightest, low E

Lowest density but low modulus too.

Carbon fiber (E=70-700)

Anisotropic

Composite stiffness per fiber direction.

PEEK (E=3.6 GPa)

Stiffest plastic

PEEK among stiffest engineering plastics.

Glass-filled nylon

E=8-12 GPa

Glass fibers triple plastic modulus.

Concrete (E=20-30 GPa)

Construction

Construction-scale stiff material.

FAQ

Stiff material rankings?

By modulus: ceramic > steel > titanium > cast iron > aluminum > magnesium > engineering plastics > commodity plastics.

Specific modulus (E/ρ)?

Stiffness-per-mass measure. Steel and aluminum nearly equal. Beryllium and composites highest.

Geometry vs material for stiffness?

Cube of dimension dominates over linear in modulus. Doubling thickness 8× stiffness. Material change 3× max effect.

Composite anisotropy?

Carbon fiber stiff along fibers, weak across. Lay up at 45° + 0/90° for balanced. Premium application.

Stiff plastics?

PEEK, PEI, PSU among stiffest unfilled. Glass-filled boost 3-5×. Carbon-fiber-filled even stiffer.

Cost vs stiffness?

Steel cheapest stiff metal. Aluminum cheaper but less stiff. Composites premium but high specific modulus.

Ready When You Are

Upload a CAD file.
Get an engineering-reviewed quote in under 24 hours.

No minimum quantity. Free DFM feedback from a senior manufacturing engineer. NDA signed before file review on request.

Start an Instant Quote Talk to an Engineer
Avg. response · 4h · Mon–Sat (GMT+8)
Industries we serve
Trusted across 12 verticals worldwide